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A neurophysiological marker of impaired preparation in an 11-year follow-up study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Background: This longitudinal electrophysiological study investigated the course of multiple impaired cognitive brain functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood to adult- hood by comparing developmental trajectories of individuals with ADHD and typically developing controls.
Methods: Subjects with ADHD ( N = 11) and normal controls ( N = 12) diagnosed in childhood [mean age ADHD/CTRL = 10.9 years [ SD 1.72]/10.0 years ( SD 1.03)] were followed up after 1.1 and 2.4 years, and as young adults [ADHD/CTRL: 21.9 years ( SD 1.46)/21.1 years ( SD 1.29)]. At all four times, event-related potential (ERP) maps were recorded during a cued continuous performance test (CPT). We focused on residual deficits as adults, and on developmental trajectories (time and time x - group effects) for CPT performance and attentional (Cue P300), preparatory (CNV: contingent negative variation) and inhibitory (NoGo P300) ERP components.
Results: All ERP components developed without significant time · group interactions. Only the CNV remained reduced in the ADHD group, although 8/11 individuals no longer met a full ADHD diagnosis as adults. Cue P300 and NoGo P300 group differences became nonsignificant in early adulthood. The CNV parameters correlated with re- action time (RT) and RT- SD . Perceptual sensitivity improved and the groups’ trajectories converged with development, while RT- SD continued to be elevated in adult ADHD subjects.
Conclusions: Attentional and preparatory deficits in ADHD continue into adulthood, and the attenuated CNV appears to reflect a particularly stable ADHD marker. Although some deficit reductions may have gone undetected due to small sample size, the findings challenge those developmental lag models postulating that most ADHD-related deficitsbecomenegligiblewithbrainmaturation.
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| Typ: | Originalarbeit |
|---|---|
| Autor: | Mirko Doehnert, Daniel Brandeis, Gudrun Schneider, Renate Drechsler, Hans-Christoph Steinhausen |
| Quelle: | Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54 (3), 2013, 260-270 |
| Jahr: | 2013 |
| Keywords (deutsch): | --- |
| Keywords (englisch): | ADHD, developmental lag, CPT, CNV, RT-SD |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02572.x |